The shock took place in northern costa rica, 30 kilometres 19 mi northnorthwest of san jose and was felt throughout costa rica and in southern central nicaragua. Ruggero santilli pdf you can read the entire correspondence in mailing with ruggero santilli looking for prof jv kadeisvili aprilmay 2012 pdf file. Landslides caused by the cinchona, costa rica earthquake of 2009. Purified quinine andor cinchona bark is used to flavor tonic water, many bitter liqueurs, and other beverages. The cinchona earthquake of january 8, 2009, caused great physical impacts such as the destruction of the public and private infrastructure, including social, and left a total of 2,326 persons. Pdf classification of coseismic hillslope processes of. Terremoto en janette cuevas ramos en mp31806 a las 23. Excellent yields and enantioselectivity were observed for the reaction of various ketimines and isocyanoacetates using cinchona alkaloidcuotf 2 and a base. They are native to the tropical andean forests of western south america.
The principle product of cinchona is quinine which is not only ar. Pdf the cinchona earthquake of january 8, 2009, caused great physical impacts such as the destruction of the public and private infrastructure. This interaction leads to a chiral environment around the anion and permits enantioselective reactions with electrophiles. Costa rica contabiliza 18 muertos y 56 desaparecidos por terremoto.
Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. Terremoto 1 km sw voltago agordino bl, magnitudo ml 2. Several species of cinchona are the natural source of quinine, which has long been used worldwide as a. Documentos capra costa rica capra probabilistic risk. Terremoto del 1504 area epicentrale bassa engadina studio dom sta988 io 78 mw 5. Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Cinchona alkaloids can be used as bases to deprotonate substrates with relatively acidic protons forming a contact ion pair between the resulting anion and protonated amine. Historically, quinine cinchona bark was used to prevent and treat the disease malaria. Gustavo barrantes castillo, cristina jimenez campos, maria jose ocon garcia. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any.
Both enantiomers of the products could be obtained by using pseudoenantiomeric chiral catalysts. A volte, il panico puo causare piu danni alle persone dello stesso. Lab4 the chemistry and isolation of quinine from cinchona bark aim. Quinine is a compound found in the bark of the cinchona tree. Cinchona definition is any of a genus cinchona of south american trees and shrubs of the madder family.
Ruggero maria santilli was born in capracotta and attended high school in. Andersson 1998 finally resolved and simplified the taxonomy of the genus cinchona and, in particular, the confusion surrounding the identification of the quinine species of commerce. Although it has been determined that a sustained supply of some 450 metric tonnes of dry cinchona. Determination of the alkaloids of cinchona bark these alkaloids are derived from the dried barks of the stem and dried bark of the root of the plant cinchona succirubra, cinchona officinalis, cinchona calysaya and cinchona. Quinine, tonic water, cinchona bark safety in cocktails. Quinine, tonic water, cinchona bark, quinidine summary. The experiences of the impact of product cinchona earthquake in 2009 are highlighted by the residents of the communities in the district sarapiqui of alajuela. Gustavo barrantes at national university of costa rica. Il suo nome deriva dalle iniziali dello studioso italiano che lha ideata mercalli. Cinchona pubescens commonly known as the quinine tree or red cinchona is a widely cultivated tropical forest tree which invades.
His was the first revision since 1878 prendergast and dolley, 2001. The town of cinchona was heavily hit, and all of the buildings there were heavily. This file is licensed under the creative commons attribution 4. Jan 08, 2009 media in category costa rica earthquake of 2009 the following 19 files are in this category, out of 19 total. All are native to the tropical andean forests of western south america. Lab4 the chemistry and isolation of quinine from cinchona.